Thursday, 6 June 2013

Project Management

Project

Project is a schedule of activities in which resources are allocated at present for getting certain benefits in the future. It is planned investment efforts to bring into physical existence facilities within stipulated time and cost, to produce over a long period, goods and services to meet pre-determined identified needs and objectives.

Projects are risk oriented ventures, non-repetitive efforts and a mechanism to translate ideas into action. They are categorized on different considerations like space, ownership, productivity, sector, technology, size and speed and is completed as the mission is fulfilled.

Project life cycle is divided into different phases conception, definition, planning, organizing, implementation and cleanup phase. Basic things required for successful completion are physical, material resources and human resources. Availability, quality and utilization of human resources are determining factor in accomplishing project objectives. Management increases the productivity through technological innovation considering human factors involved in these advances.

Project management is a branch of management which has started in order to coordinate and control some of difficult activities of modern industry and involves project planning, scheduling and controlling. Planning is defining the objectives of the project, listing the jobs that are to be performed, determining the gross requirements for materials, equipment and manpower, preparing estimation of costs and duration for various activities to complete the project satisfactorily.

Scheduling is the process of formalizing the planned functions, assigning the started and completion dates to each activity of the work in a manner that whole work or project proceeds in a sequence and systematic way. Controlling consists of reviewing the difference between schedule and actual performance after beginning of the project.

Project Manager provide general management in coordinating, combing and steering the activities relating to the project. Managers functioning at various levels need improved techniques at all stages in a project to define the work to be performed, develop more realistic schedule and cost estimates based on resources planned to do the work, determine where resources should be utilized to the maximum extent to achieve the time, cost and technical performance objectives and identify areas causing potential delays or cost over runs to permit corrective action.

During implementation, the projects certainly suffer from changes and revisions in plans, falls in achievements, slippages in time schedules, overrun in costs, unexpected problems and difficulties arising from resource constraints and environmental impacts. It is essential for project management to keep the plan progress and projected anticipations revised and updated from time to time. Dynamic process goes on continuously.

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